Solvent for preparing cellulose ether lacquers



Patented Dec. 4, 1934 UNITED STATES SOLVENT FOR PREPARING CELLULOSEETHER LACQUERS Leo Bosenthal, Vohwinkel, near Elberteld, and OttoLeuchs, Elberfeld, Germany, assignors to FarbenindustrieAktiengesellschaft,

Frankfort-on-the-Main, Germany, a corporation of Germany:

No Drawing.

12 Claims.

Application February 1', 1930, Serial No. 427,423

The present invention relates to solvents for (4)Xylene+solventnaphtha+methanol+monopreparing cellulose ether lacquersandto the new cellulose ether lacquers produced by the aid of suchsolvents.

5 It is known to prepare cellulose lacquers from cellulose ethers bydissolving the same in solvents or mixtures of solvents, but thesolvents or mixtures thereof heretofore used yield highly viscoussolutions which are not suitable as dippin g-, brushingorspraying-lacquers, and therefore when used as dipping-lacquers yielduneven coatings; when used as brushing lacquers, the lacquer does notsufllciently blend, or when used as spraying lacquers, coatings areobtained having no completely smooth surface free from scars.

According to our invention these disadvantages are overcome by using inthe manufacture of cellulose ether lacquers a mixture of diiferentsolvents consisting of at least 4 components being liquid at about 0.,at least two of them being aromatic hydrocarbons of differentevaporation velocities and at least two of them being aliphatic orhydroaromatic volatile alcohols. In 25 the specification and the claimsthe term aliphatic alcohols is to include the hydroaromatic alcohols. vp

Suitable aromatic hydrocarbons are, for example, benzene, toluene,xylene, solvent naphtha; mesithylene, cumene, cymene, while as aliphaticalcohols there may be mentioned by way of example, methanol, ethanol,propanol, v butanol, amyl alcohol, glycol-mono-methylether, glycol monoethylether, glycol mono-propylether, glycol-mono-butylether,hydrogenated pherliols, such as cyclohexanol, methylcyclohexano Incarrying out the invention it has been found favorable to choose thecomponents of mixture of the these mixtures in such a manner that analways ethyl-isopropyl glycol ether+cyclohexanol. (5)Toluene+xylene+n-propyl alcohol-i-isobutyl alcohol.

The relative proportions of the four components maybe varied within thewidest limits and are advantageously adapted to the specific lacqueringart for which the final mixture is to be used, as will be understood bypersons skilled therein. Thus, for preparing brushing lacquers there isused a mixture which evaporates very slowly, such as the. mixture No. 4;in order to prepare spraying lacquers, a solvent having a middleevaporation velocity is advantageously used, for example, mixtures 2 or5, and for preparing dipping lacquers such solvent is used as has theevaporation velocity of the mixture No. 1. The quantities of thedifferent components are further to be adapted to the specificcelluloseether used. The cellulose ethers coming into consideration for thepurpose of the invention, being insoluble in water, but soluble inorganic solvents, are such as alkyl-, aralkylor alkylaralkyl-cellulose,for example, ethyl cellulose 75 with an ethoxyl content of at least 40%,ethylbutyl cellulose, benzyl-cellulose with a content of at least40% ofbenzyl, and ethyl-benzyl-cellulose. In preparing a lacquer from ethylcellulose with an ethoxyl-content of 42-44%, a mix- 80 ture of solventsconsisting of 40-80% of aromatic hydrocarbons and -20% of aliphatic orhydroaromatic alcohols has been found suitable. A cellulosev ethyl ethercontaining 47-48% of ethoxyl can be dissolved in'a mixture consisting of-95% of aromatic hydrocarbons and 5-30% of the said alcohol, whilebenzyl cellulose containing 55% 01? benzyl may advantageously bedissolved in a mixture of -97% of aromatic hydrocarbons and 3-20% ofalcohol.

For certain purposes other substances which.

impart additional qualities to the lacquers may be added, for example,softening agents, such as alkylor 'aralkyl-phosphates, phthalic acidester, derivatives of the benzeneor toluenesulfonic acid, such asp-toluene-sulfonic acid-diethylamide, or resins, for example,resin,glycerineabietinate, cumarone-resin, dammar or, other natural orartificial resins, copals or drying 011:? may be added to the lacquers.Waxes may be jointly used in order to obtain lacquers oi mat surfaces.

The invention is illustrated by the followin examples, but is notlimited thereto:

This lacquer is intimately mixed with 10-15 parts by weight of red ironoxide to coat, iorexample, metals.

Example 5.A cellulose ether lacquer miscible with nitrocelluloselacquers is obtained by dissolving:

Cyclohexyl acetate Example 6.--A lacquer consisting of:

Parts by weight Ethyl cellulose (of an ethoxyl-content of aromatichydrocarbon having different evaporation velocities and more than onevolatile aliphatic alcohol, all oil said components being liquid atabout 25 0., and dissolving a cellulose ether in the mixture.

r 2. A lacquer comprising a water-insoluble cellulose ether or the groupconsisting of alkyl-, aralkyland alkyl-aralkyl-cellulose dissolved in asolvent consisting of more .than one volatile aromatic hydrocarbonhaving diil'erent evaporation velocities and more than one volatilealiphatic alcohol, the hydrocarbons and alcohols being liquid at about25 C.

3. A lacquer as defined in claim 2 to which a softening agent has beenadded.

4. A lacquer as defined in claim 2 to which a softening agent and aresin have been added.

E Z ggg i A dipping lacquer consists 01 Tricresylphosphate 5 8O Parts byweight Ethyl-cellulose (with 48% of ethoxyl) 5 Xy 25 Benzene 50 ButamTmupnp 30 35 parts by weight of glycol-mono-ethyl ether Xylene 5 iSmixed with: Ethanol 5 10 parts by weight of alcohol and fl j gfifi 5 20parts by weight of ethyl-glycol-acetate. The coatings prepared with thisdipping lac- 3 523 522 2;: ggfs l l r may be mixed with gg'gi gg i g iggf Smooth lustrous surface Example, 7.A brushing-lacquer which may Incase the surface is intended to be smoother, be g g for gwmg the firstcoat to wood- 1-4 parts by weight of tricresylphosphate may consls 5 P iht be added to the above mentioned lacquer; and Ethyl nul (48 27 th 1)ywe g a if a harder surface is desired, 1-3 parts by weight mm "3 .f 0 e8 of a cumarone-resin of high melting point are C 89 2 added to theabove lacquer. fi i resin 10 Example 2.A brushing-lacquer consists of: gg I 40 Y Parts by weight Solvent-naphtha 32 Ethyl-butylcellulose of lowviscosity with Ethanol 5 27% ethoxyl+22% butoxyl Amyl ol 5 g g gggigi ggggggg i To this lacquer there may be added 10 parts by xylpm "f 25weight of n-butyl acetate or cyclohexanone. solventnaphtha 35 Example8.-A lacquer containing benzine is Ethaml 10 prepared by dissolvingMono450m.opybglyco1 25 10 parts by weight of ethylcellulose (47%.ethcyclohexaml 5 oxyl) in a mixture of Y Y Parts by weight Example 3.-Aspraying-lacquer consists oi: Benzene 25 Toluene v 10 Parts by weightxylene 10 Ethylcellulose (42.5% ethoxyl) 8-10 Ethan l 5.5 Toluene 30Buta l 5.5 '115' Solventnaphtha 15 Benzine (boiling point 80-100 C.) 45Ethanol 25 Amyl alcqhm 20 Example 9.A brushing-lacquer consists of: Toincrease the luster oi' this lacquer, 2 parts by I Part8 y'w sh Weightof dammar, 1 part by weight of triphe- Euiylbenzyl cellulosenylphosphate and 1 part by weight of tricresylg ass 20 phosphate may beadded to the same. solventnaphtha 20 Exam le 4.A lac uer consists of:Ethanol 10 p q Isopropyl alcohol 10 Parts by weight Butanol i 10 Benzylcellulose (54% benzyl) 8 Mono-butyl-glycol 10 T t 5 gfjffl fig g ifresin 5 To this lacquer there may be added softening Toluene 30 agentsor resins. v Xylene so We claim N pmpy1 Mmhm 5 1. Process of makingcellulose ether lacquers lsobutyl alcohol but glycol) 5 which consistsin mixing more than one volatile 5. A lacquer comprising an ethylcellulose having an ethoxyl content 01' at least 40%, dissolved in asolvent consisting of more than one volatile aromatic hydrocarbon havingdifferent evaporation velocities and more than one volatile.

aliphatic alcohol, the hydrocarbons and alcohols being liquid at about25 C.

6. A lacquer as defined in.claim 5 to which a softening agent has beenadded. I

7. A lacquer asdefined in claim.5 to which a softening agent and a resinhave been added.

8. A lacquer consisting of a cellulose-ethylether with anethoxyl-content of 42-44% dissolved in a solvent consisting of 40-80% ofmore than one volatile aromatic hydrocarbon having diiferent evaportionvelocities and the remainder up to 100% consisting of more than onevolatile aliphatic alcohol, all of the components of the solvent beingliquid'at about 25 C.

9. A lacquer consisting of an ethyl-cellulose with an ethoxyl-content of42.5% dissolved in a solvent consisting of toluene, solvent naphtha;ethanol and amyl alcohol.

10. A lacquer consisting of an ethyl-cellulose with an ethoxyl-contentof 42.5% dissolved in a solvent consisting of 30 parts by weight oftoluene, 15 parts by weight of solvent naphtha, 25 parts by weight ofethanol, and 20 parts by weight of amyl alcohol.

11, A lacquer comprising an ethyl-cellulose containing an ethoxylcontent of 47-48% dissolved in' a. solvent consisting of more than onevolatile aromatic hydrocarbon having different evaporation velocitiesand more than one volatile aliphatic alcohol, the hydrocarbons andalcohols being liquid at about 25 C. a

12. A lacquer consisting of an ethyl-cellulose with an ethoxyl contentof 47-48% dissolved in 70-95% of more than one volatile aromatichydrocarbon having difierent evaporation velocities and 5-30% of morethan one volatile aliphatic alcohol, all of the components of thesolvent being liquid at about 25 C.

LEO ROSENTHAL. OTTO LEUCHS.

